Feeding & Eating

Sippy Cup vs. Open Cup: What's Best for My Toddler?

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Feeding challenges are one of the most common concerns new parents face. When it comes to sippy cup vs. open cup: what's best for my toddler, here is what the guidelines recommend.

The short answer

The AAP and most pediatric dentists recommend transitioning to an open cup (or straw cup) by age 12-15 months and weaning off sippy cups entirely by age 2. While sippy cups are convenient, prolonged use can contribute to dental problems, speech development delays, and decreased oral motor skill development. Straw cups are a better transitional option than traditional spout sippy cups because they promote a more mature swallowing pattern.

Key takeaways

  • The AAP and most pediatric dentists recommend transitioning to an open cup (or straw cup) by age 12-15 months and weaning off sippy cups entirely by age 2. While sippy cups are convenient, prolonged use can contribute to dental problems, speech development delays, and decreased oral motor skill development. Straw cups are a better transitional option than traditional spout sippy cups because they promote a more mature swallowing pattern.
  • Usually normal when: Your toddler spills frequently when using an open cup — this improves with practice throughout toddlerhood
  • Call your doctor if: Your toddler coughs, chokes, or has liquid coming from their nose consistently when drinking from any cup, which could indicate a swallowing disorder
  • Varies by age — see the age-by-age breakdown below
The AAP recommends exclusive breastfeeding for approximately 6 months after birth. Furthermore, the AAP supports continued breastfeeding, along with appropriate complementary foods introduced at about 6 months, for 2 years or beyond.
Breastfeeding and the Use of Human Milk, American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)

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By Age

What to expect by age

6-12 months

You can begin introducing an open cup as early as 6 months when your baby starts solids. Start with a small amount of water in a tiny open cup and help your baby hold it. Expect spilling — this is practice. Many speech-language pathologists recommend starting with a straw cup rather than a spouted sippy cup because straws encourage a more mature swallowing pattern and better oral motor development. If you use a sippy cup, treat it as a transitional tool, not a long-term solution.

12-18 months

By age 12-15 months, your toddler should be transitioning away from bottles and moving toward cups. The AAP recommends weaning from bottles entirely by 15-18 months. Straw cups and open cups are preferred over traditional spout sippy cups. When using an open cup, expect messes — your toddler will spill. Offer small amounts of liquid at a time and practice during meals. Weighted straw cups are a good option for on-the-go. The key is supervised practice, not perfection.

18 months - 3 years

By age 2, your toddler should be drinking primarily from an open cup or straw cup. Prolonged sippy cup use (especially with juice or milk) can pool sugary liquids around teeth and contribute to cavities. Sippy cups can also act as a comfort object similar to a bottle, leading to excessive milk or juice intake. If your toddler is still heavily reliant on a sippy cup, try gradually introducing the open cup at meals while allowing the sippy cup only for water on the go.

What Should You Do?

When to take action

Probably normal when...
  • Your toddler spills frequently when using an open cup — this improves with practice throughout toddlerhood
  • Your toddler prefers a straw cup over an open cup — straw cups are an excellent option
  • Your toddler can manage a cup at meals but still uses a sippy cup for water during play
  • Your toddler went through a regression and suddenly refuses the open cup after previously using it — this is common during developmental leaps
Mention at your next visit when...
  • Your toddler is over 18 months and cannot drink from any cup type besides a bottle
  • Your toddler is still using a bottle for most liquids beyond 18 months
  • You are concerned about your toddler's dental health related to cup or bottle use
Act now when...
  • Your toddler coughs, chokes, or has liquid coming from their nose consistently when drinking from any cup, which could indicate a swallowing disorder
  • Your toddler refuses all liquids and shows signs of dehydration (dry mouth, no tears, reduced wet diapers)
  • Your toddler has visible tooth decay that may be related to prolonged bottle or sippy cup use with milk or juice

Doctor Visit Checklist

Bring this checklist to your next pediatrician visit to discuss Sippy Cup vs. Open Cup: What's Best for My Toddler?.

Things to mention

  • Your toddler is over 18 months and cannot drink from any cup type besides a bottle
  • Your toddler is still using a bottle for most liquids beyond 18 months
  • You are concerned about your toddler's dental health related to cup or bottle use

Observations to share

  • Your toddler is over 18 months and cannot drink from any cup type besides a bottle
  • Your toddler is still using a bottle for most liquids beyond 18 months
  • You are concerned about your toddler's dental health related to cup or bottle use

Urgent signs to report immediately

  • Your toddler coughs, chokes, or has liquid coming from their nose consistently when drinking from any cup, which could indicate a swallowing disorder
  • Your toddler refuses all liquids and shows signs of dehydration (dry mouth, no tears, reduced wet diapers)
  • Your toddler has visible tooth decay that may be related to prolonged bottle or sippy cup use with milk or juice

My notes

From ismybabyalright.com — free, evidence-based baby health guides

Frequently asked questions

Is sippy cup vs. open cup: what's best for my toddler normal?
The AAP and most pediatric dentists recommend transitioning to an open cup (or straw cup) by age 12-15 months and weaning off sippy cups entirely by age 2. While sippy cups are convenient, prolonged use can contribute to dental problems, speech development delays, and decreased oral motor skill development. Straw cups are a better transitional option than traditional spout sippy cups because they promote a more mature swallowing pattern.
When should I call the doctor about sippy cup vs. open cup: what's best for my toddler?
Your toddler coughs, chokes, or has liquid coming from their nose consistently when drinking from any cup, which could indicate a swallowing disorder Your toddler refuses all liquids and shows signs of dehydration (dry mouth, no tears, reduced wet diapers) Your toddler has visible tooth decay that may be related to prolonged bottle or sippy cup use with milk or juice
When is sippy cup vs. open cup: what's best for my toddler normal?
Your toddler spills frequently when using an open cup — this improves with practice throughout toddlerhood Your toddler prefers a straw cup over an open cup — straw cups are an excellent option Your toddler can manage a cup at meals but still uses a sippy cup for water during play
What causes sippy cup vs. open cup: what's best for my toddler?
The AAP and most pediatric dentists recommend transitioning to an open cup (or straw cup) by age 12-15 months and weaning off sippy cups entirely by age 2. While sippy cups are convenient, prolonged use can contribute to dental problems, speech development delays, and decreased oral motor skill development. Straw cups are a better transitional option than traditional spout sippy cups because they promote a more mature swallowing pattern. Common explanations include: Your toddler spills frequently when using an open cup — this improves with practice throughout toddlerhood. Your toddler prefers a straw cup over an open cup — straw cups are an excellent option.
What should I mention to my pediatrician about sippy cup vs. open cup: what's best for my toddler?
You should mention sippy cup vs. open cup: what's best for my toddler at your next visit if: Your toddler is over 18 months and cannot drink from any cup type besides a bottle. Your toddler is still using a bottle for most liquids beyond 18 months. You are concerned about your toddler's dental health related to cup or bottle use.
Is sippy cup vs. open cup: what's best for my toddler normal at 6-12 months?
You can begin introducing an open cup as early as 6 months when your baby starts solids. Start with a small amount of water in a tiny open cup and help your baby hold it. Expect spilling — this is practice. Many speech-language pathologists recommend starting with a straw cup rather than a spouted sippy cup because straws encourage a more mature swallowing pattern and better oral motor development. If you use a sippy cup, treat it as a transitional tool, not a long-term solution.
Is sippy cup vs. open cup: what's best for my toddler normal at 12-18 months?
By age 12-15 months, your toddler should be transitioning away from bottles and moving toward cups. The AAP recommends weaning from bottles entirely by 15-18 months. Straw cups and open cups are preferred over traditional spout sippy cups. When using an open cup, expect messes — your toddler will spill. Offer small amounts of liquid at a time and practice during meals. Weighted straw cups are a good option for on-the-go. The key is supervised practice, not perfection.
Should I go to the ER for sippy cup vs. open cup: what's best for my toddler?
Seek emergency care if your toddler coughs, chokes, or has liquid coming from their nose consistently when drinking from any cup, which could indicate a swallowing disorder, or if your toddler refuses all liquids and shows signs of dehydration (dry mouth, no tears, reduced wet diapers). When in doubt, call your pediatrician's after-hours line for guidance.
Does sippy cup vs. open cup: what's best for my toddler go away on its own?
In many cases, sippy cup vs. open cup: what's best for my toddler resolves on its own, especially when your toddler spills frequently when using an open cup — this improves with practice throughout toddlerhood. By 18 months - 3 years, by age 2, your toddler should be drinking primarily from an open cup or straw cup. Prolonged sippy cup use (especially with juice or milk) can pool sugary liquids around teeth and contribute to cavities. Sippy cups can also act as a comfort object similar to a bottle, leading to excessive milk or juice intake. If your toddler is still heavily reliant on a sippy cup, try gradually introducing the open cup at meals while allowing the sippy cup only for water on the go.

References

  1. [1]American Academy of Pediatrics. Recommended Drinks for Children Age 5 and Younger. HealthyChildren.org. AAP
  2. [2]American Academy of Pediatrics. Discontinuing the Bottle. HealthyChildren.org. AAP
  3. [3]American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry. Policy on Dietary Recommendations for Infants, Children, and Adolescents. AAPD

All content follows our editorial policy and is reviewed against published clinical guidelines.

2,705 evidence-based guides6 authoritative medical sources

Bottom line

Most cases of sippy cup vs. open cup: what's best for my toddler are normal. Talk to your pediatrician if your toddler coughs, chokes, or has liquid coming from their nose consistently when drinking from any cup, which could indicate a swallowing disorder.

Trust your instincts. If something feels wrong, reach out to your pediatrician. Worrying about your baby means you care — that is a good thing.

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Transitioning My Toddler to a Straw Cup

Straw cups are recommended by speech-language pathologists and pediatric dentists as a preferred alternative to traditional spout sippy cups because they promote a more mature swallowing pattern and better oral motor development. Most babies can learn to drink from a straw between 9-12 months with practice. The transition from bottles or sippy cups to straw cups can be done gradually, and most toddlers adapt within a few days to a couple of weeks.

How Much Milk Should My Toddler Drink?

The AAP recommends that toddlers ages 12-24 months drink 16-24 ounces (2-3 cups) of whole milk per day, and children ages 2-5 years drink 16-20 ounces (2-2.5 cups) of milk per day. Too much milk can fill toddlers up, reduce their appetite for nutritious solid foods, and interfere with iron absorption. Too little means they may miss out on important calcium, vitamin D, and fat for brain development.

Baby Prefers Bottle Over Breast

Bottle preference, sometimes called nipple or flow preference, happens when a baby begins to favor the faster, more consistent flow of a bottle over the breast. This is a common and usually reversible situation. It is not about your baby being "lazy"; rather, they have learned that the bottle delivers milk with less effort. Paced bottle feeding and strategic timing of breast and bottle feeds can help reestablish breastfeeding.

When to Introduce Allergens to Baby

Current guidelines recommend introducing common allergens (peanut, egg, cow's milk products, tree nuts, wheat, soy, fish, shellfish, sesame) starting around 4-6 months when your baby is developmentally ready for solids. The landmark LEAP study showed that early introduction of peanuts (by 4-6 months) reduced peanut allergy risk by 80% in high-risk infants. Do not delay allergens - the old advice to wait until 1-3 years has been reversed because early exposure actually prevents allergies.

I'm Worried My Baby Is Aspirating During Feeds

Aspiration means liquid or food enters the airway instead of the stomach. Occasional coughing during feeds is common and does not usually indicate aspiration. True aspiration is less common and may present as recurrent respiratory infections, a wet or gurgly voice after feeds, or chronic cough. If you are concerned, a swallow study can provide a definitive answer.

When Does My Baby Need Amino Acid Formula?

Amino acid-based formulas (also called elemental formulas) are prescribed for babies with severe cow's milk protein allergy, multiple food protein intolerances, or conditions like eosinophilic esophagitis who cannot tolerate standard or extensively hydrolyzed formulas. They are the most hypoallergenic formula available because the proteins are broken down into individual amino acids, making allergic reactions virtually impossible.