Fever in Babies & Toddlers

Content reviewed against published AAP, AAP, CDC guidelines

Editorial policy

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Fever is defined as a rectal temperature of 100.4°F (38°C) or higher. It is the body's natural response to infection and is not itself an illness. In young babies under 3 months, any fever requires immediate medical evaluation.

Key takeaways

  • Fever is defined as a rectal temperature of 100.
  • Most common cause: Viral infection (cold, flu, roseola)
  • Emergency: Baby under 3 months with ANY fever (rectal temp 100.4°F / 38°C or higher)
  • Home care: Dress baby in light clothing — do not bundle up

Possible Causes

Viral infection (cold, flu, roseola)common
Ear infectioncommon
Teething (may cause very mild elevation up to 100.4°F)common
Urinary tract infectionuncommon
Vaccination responsecommon
Bacterial infection (pneumonia, meningitis)uncommon
Overdressing / overheatingcommon
Kawasaki diseaserare

When to Seek Help

Emergency — Call 911 or go to ER:

  • Baby under 3 months with ANY fever (rectal temp 100.4°F / 38°C or higher)
  • Fever with purple/red spots that don't blanch (petechiae)
  • Fever with stiff neck, bulging fontanelle, or severe headache
  • Fever with difficulty breathing
  • Fever with seizure lasting more than 5 minutes
  • Baby is unresponsive or extremely difficult to wake

Urgent — See doctor today:

  • Baby 3-6 months with fever above 102°F (38.9°C)
  • Fever with signs of dehydration (no wet diapers 6+ hours)
  • Febrile seizure (even if brief — first episode needs evaluation)
  • Fever above 104°F (40°C) at any age
  • Fever persisting more than 5 days

Same-day appointment:

  • Fever 100.4-102°F in baby 3-6 months who otherwise seems well
  • Fever lasting more than 3 days with no clear source
  • Fever returning after being gone for 24+ hours
  • Baby not drinking well but still making some wet diapers

Monitor at home:

  • Low-grade fever (under 102°F) with mild cold symptoms in baby over 6 months
  • Fever after vaccination (common, usually resolves in 24-48 hours)
  • Baby over 6 months with fever who is still drinking, playing, and making wet diapers

By Age

0-3 months

Normal: Normal temperature ranges from 97.7-99.5°F rectally. Slight variations after feeding or bundling are normal.

Worry if: ANY rectal temperature of 100.4°F (38°C) or higher in a baby under 3 months requires IMMEDIATE medical evaluation — call your pediatrician or go to the ER right away, even if baby seems fine.

3-6 months

Normal: Low-grade fevers with mild colds are common and often resolve in 1-2 days.

Worry if: Fever above 102°F (38.9°C), fever lasting more than 24 hours, or baby appearing ill (not feeding, very sleepy, irritable).

6-12 months

Normal: Fevers with viral illnesses are common as maternal antibodies wane. Many babies get multiple febrile illnesses as immunity develops.

Worry if: Fever above 104°F (40°C), fever lasting more than 3 days, or fever with rash, stiff neck, or persistent vomiting.

1-3 years

Normal: Frequent fevers with daycare illnesses are normal. Height of fever does not necessarily indicate severity of illness.

Worry if: Fever lasting more than 5 days, fever with difficulty breathing, signs of dehydration, or child appears very unwell.

Home Care

  • Dress baby in light clothing — do not bundle up
  • Offer frequent breast/bottle feeds to prevent dehydration
  • Acetaminophen (Tylenol) for babies 2+ months per doctor guidance
  • Ibuprofen (Motrin/Advil) for babies 6+ months
  • Lukewarm (not cold) sponge bath if baby is uncomfortable
  • Keep room at comfortable temperature
  • Do NOT give aspirin to children
  • Monitor wet diapers — aim for at least 4-6 per day

Need help deciding what to do?

Use our interactive triage tool →

Frequently asked questions

What causes fever?
Viral infection (cold, flu, roseola) (common); Ear infection (common); Teething (may cause very mild elevation up to 100.4°F) (common); Urinary tract infection (uncommon); Vaccination response (common); Bacterial infection (pneumonia, meningitis) (uncommon); Overdressing / overheating (common); Kawasaki disease (rare)
When is this an emergency?
Baby under 3 months with ANY fever (rectal temp 100.4°F / 38°C or higher). Fever with purple/red spots that don't blanch (petechiae). Fever with stiff neck, bulging fontanelle, or severe headache. Fever with difficulty breathing. Fever with seizure lasting more than 5 minutes. Baby is unresponsive or extremely difficult to wake
What can I do at home?
Dress baby in light clothing — do not bundle up. Offer frequent breast/bottle feeds to prevent dehydration. Acetaminophen (Tylenol) for babies 2+ months per doctor guidance. Ibuprofen (Motrin/Advil) for babies 6+ months. Lukewarm (not cold) sponge bath if baby is uncomfortable. Keep room at comfortable temperature. Do NOT give aspirin to children. Monitor wet diapers — aim for at least 4-6 per day
When should I call the doctor?
Fever 100.4-102°F in baby 3-6 months who otherwise seems well. Fever lasting more than 3 days with no clear source. Fever returning after being gone for 24+ hours. Baby not drinking well but still making some wet diapers

Sources

All content follows our editorial policy and is reviewed against published clinical guidelines.

2,705 evidence-based guides6 authoritative medical sources

Related Symptoms

Bottom line

Most cases of fever in babies are not emergencies. However, seek immediate care if baby under 3 months with any fever (rectal temp 100.4°f / 38°c or higher).

Trust your instincts. If something feels wrong, reach out to your pediatrician. Worrying about your baby means you care — that is a good thing.