Maternal Health

Yeast Infections During Pregnancy

Medically reviewed by Dr. Lisa Okafor, MD, FACOG · Board-Certified OB-GYN

Content reviewed against published ACOG, CDC, NIH guidelines

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Your health matters just as much as your baby's. If you are dealing with yeast infections during pregnancy, here is what you need to know.

The short answer

Yeast infections are more common during pregnancy due to higher estrogen levels and changes in vaginal pH that promote Candida overgrowth. They affect about 1 in 4 pregnant people. While uncomfortable, yeast infections do not harm the baby during pregnancy. Topical antifungal treatments are safe and effective during pregnancy.

Key takeaways

  • Yeast infections are more common during pregnancy due to higher estrogen levels and changes in vaginal pH that promote Candida overgrowth. They affect about 1 in 4 pregnant people. While uncomfortable, yeast infections do not harm the baby during pregnancy. Topical antifungal treatments are safe and effective during pregnancy.
  • Usually normal when: Thick, white, cottage cheese-like vaginal discharge with vulvar itching
  • Call your doctor if: Vaginal discharge with a strong odor, gray or green color, or accompanied by fever, which could indicate a bacterial or sexually transmitted infection
  • Varies by age — see the age-by-age breakdown below
About 1 in 8 women experience symptoms of postpartum depression. If you have symptoms of depression that last longer than 2 weeks, tell your health care provider.
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Parents everywhere have the same worry. You are doing the right thing by looking into it.

What Parents Should Know

According to ACOG, CDC, NIH guidelines, yeast infections are more common during pregnancy due to higher estrogen levels and changes in vaginal pH that promote Candida overgrowth. They affect about 1 in 4 pregnant people. While uncomfortable, yeast infections do not harm the baby during pregnancy. Topical antifungal treatments are safe and effective during pregnancy. At First trimester, yeast infections may occur at any point in pregnancy. In the first trimester, talk to your provider before using any over-the-counter treatments. They can confirm the diagnosis and recommend safe topical antifungal creams or suppositories. Oral fluconazole (Diflucan) is generally avoided during pregnancy. It is generally considered normal when thick, white, cottage cheese-like vaginal discharge with vulvar itching. However, you should contact your pediatrician promptly if vaginal discharge with a strong odor, gray or green color, or accompanied by fever, which could indicate a bacterial or sexually transmitted infection.

Sources: [1], [2], [3]

Normal vs. Concerning

Usually Normal
Worth Discussing
Thick, white, cottage cheese-like vaginal discharge with vulvar itching
Vaginal discharge with a strong odor, gray or green color, or accompanied by fever, which could indicate a bacterial or sexually transmitted infection
Redness and swelling of the vulva
Severe pelvic pain accompanying vaginal symptoms
Burning with urination or intercourse
You think you have a yeast infection and want to confirm before treating
Symptoms that improve with prescribed antifungal treatment
Symptoms do not improve after completing treatment

By Age

What to expect by age

First trimester

Yeast infections may occur at any point in pregnancy. In the first trimester, talk to your provider before using any over-the-counter treatments. They can confirm the diagnosis and recommend safe topical antifungal creams or suppositories. Oral fluconazole (Diflucan) is generally avoided during pregnancy.

Second trimester

Yeast infections may recur due to ongoing hormonal changes. Wearing cotton underwear, avoiding douching, keeping the vulvar area clean and dry, and eating yogurt with live cultures may help prevent recurrences. Topical antifungal treatments (miconazole, clotrimazole) for 7 days are typically recommended during pregnancy.

Third trimester

Treating yeast infections before delivery is recommended, as the baby can contract oral thrush (a yeast infection in the mouth) while passing through the birth canal. Your provider can recommend appropriate treatment. Do not self-diagnose - similar symptoms can be caused by other infections.

What to Tell Your Pediatrician

  • Describe when you first noticed yeast infections during pregnancy and how it has changed over time.
  • Note your baby's current age and which age-specific patterns you are seeing.
  • Mention if you think you have a yeast infection and want to confirm before treating.
  • Mention if symptoms do not improve after completing treatment.
  • Let your doctor know if you have noticed any related concerns, such as changes in feeding, sleep, or movement patterns.
  • Bring a list of any questions or observations you want to discuss at the appointment.

What Should You Do?

When to take action

Probably normal when...
  • Thick, white, cottage cheese-like vaginal discharge with vulvar itching
  • Redness and swelling of the vulva
  • Burning with urination or intercourse
  • Symptoms that improve with prescribed antifungal treatment
Mention at your next visit when...
  • You think you have a yeast infection and want to confirm before treating
  • Symptoms do not improve after completing treatment
  • You are getting recurrent yeast infections during pregnancy
Act now when...
  • Vaginal discharge with a strong odor, gray or green color, or accompanied by fever, which could indicate a bacterial or sexually transmitted infection
  • Severe pelvic pain accompanying vaginal symptoms

What You Can Do at Home

  • Keep track of when you notice yeast infections during pregnancy — noting the time of day, duration, and any triggers can help your pediatrician.
  • Remember that thick, white, cottage cheese-like vaginal discharge with vulvar itching — this is generally within the range of normal.
  • At First trimester, focus on observation rather than intervention unless your pediatrician advises otherwise.
  • Prioritize your own rest and nutrition. Accept help when offered, and do not hesitate to reach out to your healthcare provider.
  • While monitoring at home, seek immediate care if vaginal discharge with a strong odor, gray or green color, or accompanied by fever, which could indicate a bacterial or sexually transmitted infection.

Frequently asked questions

Is yeast infections during pregnancy normal?
Yeast infections are more common during pregnancy due to higher estrogen levels and changes in vaginal pH that promote Candida overgrowth. They affect about 1 in 4 pregnant people. While uncomfortable, yeast infections do not harm the baby during pregnancy. Topical antifungal treatments are safe and effective during pregnancy.
When should I call the doctor about yeast infections during pregnancy?
Vaginal discharge with a strong odor, gray or green color, or accompanied by fever, which could indicate a bacterial or sexually transmitted infection Severe pelvic pain accompanying vaginal symptoms
When is yeast infections during pregnancy normal?
Thick, white, cottage cheese-like vaginal discharge with vulvar itching Redness and swelling of the vulva Burning with urination or intercourse
What causes yeast infections during pregnancy?
Yeast infections are more common during pregnancy due to higher estrogen levels and changes in vaginal pH that promote Candida overgrowth. They affect about 1 in 4 pregnant people. While uncomfortable, yeast infections do not harm the baby during pregnancy. Topical antifungal treatments are safe and effective during pregnancy. Common explanations include: Thick, white, cottage cheese-like vaginal discharge with vulvar itching. Redness and swelling of the vulva.
What should I mention to my pediatrician about yeast infections during pregnancy?
You should mention yeast infections during pregnancy at your next visit if: You think you have a yeast infection and want to confirm before treating. Symptoms do not improve after completing treatment. You are getting recurrent yeast infections during pregnancy.
Is yeast infections during pregnancy normal at First trimester?
Yeast infections may occur at any point in pregnancy. In the first trimester, talk to your provider before using any over-the-counter treatments. They can confirm the diagnosis and recommend safe topical antifungal creams or suppositories. Oral fluconazole (Diflucan) is generally avoided during pregnancy.
Is yeast infections during pregnancy normal at Second trimester?
Yeast infections may recur due to ongoing hormonal changes. Wearing cotton underwear, avoiding douching, keeping the vulvar area clean and dry, and eating yogurt with live cultures may help prevent recurrences. Topical antifungal treatments (miconazole, clotrimazole) for 7 days are typically recommended during pregnancy.
Should I go to the ER for yeast infections during pregnancy?
Seek emergency care if vaginal discharge with a strong odor, gray or green color, or accompanied by fever, which could indicate a bacterial or sexually transmitted infection, or if severe pelvic pain accompanying vaginal symptoms. When in doubt, call your pediatrician's after-hours line for guidance.
Does yeast infections during pregnancy go away on its own?
In many cases, yeast infections during pregnancy resolves on its own, especially when thick, white, cottage cheese-like vaginal discharge with vulvar itching. By Third trimester, treating yeast infections before delivery is recommended, as the baby can contract oral thrush (a yeast infection in the mouth) while passing through the birth canal. Your provider can recommend appropriate treatment. Do not self-diagnose - similar symptoms can be caused by other infections.

References

  1. [1]American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Vaginitis. ACOG FAQ, 2022. ACOG
  2. [2]Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Vaginal Candidiasis. CDC, 2023. CDC
  3. [3]National Library of Medicine. Vulvovaginal Candidiasis. StatPearls, 2023. NIH

Doctor Visit Checklist

Bring this checklist to your next pediatrician visit to discuss Yeast Infections During Pregnancy.

Things to mention

  • Describe when you first noticed yeast infections during pregnancy and how it has changed over time.
  • Note your baby's current age and which age-specific patterns you are seeing.
  • Mention if you think you have a yeast infection and want to confirm before treating.
  • Mention if symptoms do not improve after completing treatment.
  • Let your doctor know if you have noticed any related concerns, such as changes in feeding, sleep, or movement patterns.
  • Bring a list of any questions or observations you want to discuss at the appointment.

Observations to share

  • You think you have a yeast infection and want to confirm before treating
  • Symptoms do not improve after completing treatment
  • You are getting recurrent yeast infections during pregnancy

Urgent signs to report immediately

  • Vaginal discharge with a strong odor, gray or green color, or accompanied by fever, which could indicate a bacterial or sexually transmitted infection
  • Severe pelvic pain accompanying vaginal symptoms

My notes

From ismybabyalright.com — free, evidence-based baby health guides

All content follows our editorial policy and is reviewed against published clinical guidelines.

2,705 evidence-based guides6 authoritative medical sources5 medical advisory board members

Bottom line

Most cases of yeast infections during pregnancy are normal. Talk to your pediatrician if vaginal discharge with a strong odor, gray or green color, or accompanied by fever, which could indicate a bacterial or sexually transmitted infection.

Trust your instincts. If something feels wrong, reach out to your pediatrician. Worrying about your baby means you care — that is a good thing.

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