Craving Non-Food Items During Pregnancy (Pica)
The short answer
Pica is the craving and sometimes consumption of non-food items during pregnancy, such as ice, dirt, clay, chalk, or laundry starch. It affects an estimated 28% of pregnant people worldwide and may be associated with iron deficiency or other nutritional deficiencies. It should always be discussed with your provider.
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By Age
What to expect by age
Pica can begin at any point in pregnancy. If you notice cravings for non-food substances, let your provider know. They will likely check your iron levels and other nutritional markers. Craving and chewing ice (pagophagia) is the most common form and is strongly associated with iron-deficiency anemia.
Pica cravings may intensify or persist. It is important not to consume non-food items, as they can contain harmful substances, cause intestinal blockages, or interfere with nutrient absorption. If you are struggling with pica urges, tell your provider without shame - it is a recognized medical condition, not a personal failing.
Continued pica, especially consumption of non-food items, needs medical attention. Treatment typically involves addressing underlying nutritional deficiencies, especially iron. Pica usually resolves after delivery or once deficiencies are corrected. Behavioral strategies and support can help manage urges.
What Should You Do?
When to take action
- There is no form of consuming non-food items that is considered normal, but the cravings themselves are common and should not cause shame
- Craving ice frequently is the most common form and is usually benign but should be mentioned to your provider
- You have cravings for non-food items, even if you have not acted on them
- You are chewing ice frequently or excessively
- You are craving dirt, clay, chalk, laundry starch, or other non-food substances
- You have consumed non-food items and are experiencing abdominal pain, vomiting, or constipation
- You have consumed potentially toxic substances like paint chips, cleaning products, or other chemicals
Sources
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Trust your instincts. If something feels wrong, reach out to your pediatrician.
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Related Maternal Concerns
Unusual Food Cravings During Pregnancy
Food cravings during pregnancy are very common, affecting 50-90% of pregnant people. They are thought to be caused by hormonal changes, nutritional needs, and heightened senses. Most cravings are harmless, but intense cravings for non-food items (pica) should be discussed with your provider.
Anemia During Pregnancy
Anemia during pregnancy is very common, affecting up to 40% of pregnant people worldwide. It is most often caused by iron deficiency due to the increased blood volume and iron demands of pregnancy. Symptoms include extreme fatigue, weakness, pale skin, dizziness, and shortness of breath. It is treatable with iron supplementation and dietary changes.
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