Signs of Von Willebrand Disease in Babies
The short answer
Von Willebrand disease (VWD) is the most common inherited bleeding disorder, affecting both boys and girls. It is caused by a deficiency or dysfunction of von Willebrand factor, a protein needed for blood clotting. Signs include easy bruising, prolonged bleeding from cuts, frequent or prolonged nosebleeds, and heavy bleeding during dental procedures or surgery. Many people with VWD have mild symptoms that may not be recognized until a surgical or dental procedure.
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By Age
What to expect by age
VWD is rarely diagnosed this early unless there is a known family history or unexplained bleeding occurs (such as prolonged bleeding after circumcision or cord separation). Newborns naturally have higher von Willebrand factor levels, which may mask mild VWD, making testing unreliable in the first months.
Testing for VWD is more reliable after 6 months of age. If there is a family history, discuss the appropriate timing for testing with your pediatrician or hematologist. Watch for excessive bruising as your baby becomes more active.
As your baby becomes mobile, bruising patterns may reveal a bleeding tendency. Bruises that are larger than expected from minor bumps, bruising in unusual locations (trunk, face), or prolonged bleeding from mouth injuries during teething may be early signs.
Active toddlers with VWD may have more bruising than peers. Prolonged bleeding from lip or tongue bites is a common early sign. If your toddler needs any surgical procedure (like ear tubes), inform the surgeon about suspected or confirmed VWD so appropriate precautions can be taken.
Frequent nosebleeds that last more than 15-20 minutes or are difficult to stop may indicate VWD. A hematologist can diagnose VWD with specific blood tests. Treatment includes desmopressin (DDAVP) for mild cases and VWF concentrate for more severe bleeding. Most people with VWD live normal lives with appropriate precautions.
What Should You Do?
When to take action
- Occasional minor bruises on shins and knees from normal childhood play
- Brief nosebleeds that stop within 10 minutes of applying pressure
- Normal healing of minor cuts and scrapes
- Your child has frequent bruises that are larger or more numerous than expected
- Nosebleeds are frequent or take more than 15-20 minutes to stop
- You have a family history of VWD or excessive bleeding
- Heavy bleeding from any wound that does not stop with direct pressure for 15-20 minutes
- Your child needs emergency surgery and has known or suspected VWD - inform the surgical team immediately
Sources
Related Resources
Trust your instincts. If something feels wrong, reach out to your pediatrician.
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